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AFM has been used with great success to evaluate many of the steps in the drug fabrication process, including studies of drug interactions, gene delivery vehicles, crystal growth, and particle formation. Once a drug is formed, its dissolution properties have a direct effect on its absorption in the body. In addition to the wide range of uses in drug
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The human tooth has two main calcified parts with quite different mechanical properties. The enamel is hard and brittle, while the dentin is tough, and can absorb and distribute stress. Enamel and dentin meet at the dentino-enamel junction (DEJ). What is the nanometer-scale anatomy of tooth dentin, enamel, and DEJ, and how does that anatomy correspond
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Fluorescence microscopy has become an indispensable tool in cell biology because it allows specific proteins to be visualized. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is also becoming extensively used in the life sciences, but its development has largely followed an independent path and is used for somewhat different, but often complementary, purposes. Both methods
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The ability of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to create three-dimensional micrographs with nanometer resolution has made it an essential tool in applications ranging from semiconductor processing to biology. In addition to this topographical imaging, the AFM can also probe nanomechanical and other fundamental properties of sample surfaces, including
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Normal 0 false false false MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 TappingModeTM imaging has proved to be the most versatile mode of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in ambient conditions where the presence of a fluid layer (condensed water vapor and other contaminants) severely limits the applicability of both, contact mode and non-contact techniques. Overcoming the
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In addition to its high resolution imaging capabilities, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has emerged as a powerful tool for measuring both the nanomechanical properties and interaction forces of biomolecular complexes. While the majority of these types of AFM studies have been conducted on isolated molecules, for true biological relevance these investigations
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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) operates by scanning a sharp tip, supported on a sensitive force-sensing cantilever, over the sample and thereby producing a three-dimensional image of the surface. As the tip scans across the samples, changes in the interactions with the surface alter the vertical deflection of the tip. These changes in deflection are
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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to investigate structural aspects of cataract formation. High-resolution imaging of native lens membranes and the constitutive protein components was achieved using a customized Veeco atomic force microscope.
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Multi-Modal Imaging and Measurements Correlating Optical and Atomic Force Microscopy